Hybrid Electric Vehicle: Take your career to the next level with our advanced training program
1st January, 2024
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Empower Your Career with Our Complete, Industry-Focused Program
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- History
- Early Innovations: Ferdinand Porsche built one of the first hybrid cars, the Lohner-Porsche Mixte, in the early 1900s.
- Oil Crisis Revival: Interest in hybrids reemerged during the 1970s oil crisis due to the demand for fuel efficiency.
- Prius Launch: Toyota introduced the Prius in the 1990s, the first mass-produced hybrid, proving mainstream viability.
- Modern Expansion: Hybrid technology grew in popularity, leading to diverse models like plug-in hybrids and eco-friendly options across vehicle lines.
- Classification of Electric vehicles
- Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs): Fully electric, powered solely by rechargeable batteries, with zero emissions.
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs): Combine an internal combustion engine with an electric motor, recharging through regenerative braking.
- Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs): Use both a battery-powered motor and combustion engine; batteries can be recharged via an external power source.
- Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs): Generate electricity through hydrogen fuel cells, emitting only water vapor as a byproduct.
- Career opportunities
- Automotive Engineering: Design and development of HEV components like electric motors, batteries, and control systems.
- Battery Technology: Research and innovation in battery chemistry, energy storage, and battery management for enhanced HEV performance.
- Manufacturing and Assembly: Production roles in hybrid vehicle assembly, including specialized HEV components and quality control.
- Forces effecting the motion
- Aerodynamic Drag: Resistance from air as the vehicle moves, affecting energy efficiency at higher speeds.
- Rolling Resistance: Friction between tires and the road surface, impacting fuel and battery consumption
- Inertial Force: Resistance to changes in speed, requiring energy from the HEV’s powertrain to accelerate or decelerate.
- Gravitational Force: Affects HEVs on inclines, requiring more power when climbing and enabling energy recovery when descending.
- Power calculations
- Motor and Battery selections
- Principle
- Electromagnetic Induction: HEV motors use electromagnetic fields to convert electrical energy into mechanical motion.
- Torque Generation: Electric current flows through coils, creating magnetic forces that generate rotational torque on the motor shaft.
- Regenerative Braking: HEV motors can operate in reverse to convert kinetic energy back into electrical energy, recharging the battery during braking.
- Control Systems: Motor speed and torque are managed by controllers that adjust current flow to match driving conditions and efficiency needs.
- Types of Motor
- Aleternatice Current Motor (AC Motor)
- Direct Current Motor (DC Motor)
- DC Motor
- Rotor Coils
- Commutator
- Shaft
- Brushes
- Stator Magnets
- Brushed DC Motor
- Introduction - A brushed DC motor uses brushes and a commutator to transmit current, creating rotational motion with simple control but requiring more maintenance due to brush wear.
- Types - DC Shunt Motor, Series DC Motor
- Components - Stator, Commutator, Brush Assembly, Armature, Bearings, Shaft, End Bracket, Yoke
- Brushless DC Motor (BLDC)
- Introduction - A brushless DC motor (BLDC) uses electronic control instead of brushes and a commutator, offering higher efficiency, reliability, and low maintenance.
- Types - Inner Rotor BLDC Motors, Outer Rotor BLDC Motors
- Components - Bearings, Shaft, Rotor, Front End Cap, Stator, Fram Cover, Rear End Cap, Hall IC Sensors, Stator Winding, Permanent Magnet
- Principle
- Electrochemical Storage: HEV batteries store energy through chemical reactions, which release electricity to power the motor.
- Energy Conversion: During discharge, stored chemical energy is converted into electrical energy for propulsion.
- Regenerative Recharging: Kinetic energy from braking is converted back into electrical energy to recharge the battery, improving efficiency.
- Cycle Durability: HEV batteries are engineered to withstand frequent charging and discharging cycles, ensuring a long operational life.
- Components in a Battery System
- Cathode
- Anode
- Electrolyte
- Separator
- Container
- Cell Reaction in a Battery System
- Anode Reaction - Is a oxidation reaction which releases electrons (Anode is the -ve electron in the EC Cell)
- Cathode Reaction - Is a reduction reaction which consumes electrons (Anode is the +ve electron in the EC Cell)
- Classification of Battery
- Primay Battery - For One-Time usage or for Single usage
- Secondary Battery - For Multiple usage or for repititive usage
- Introduction
- Structural Framework: The chassis serves as the vehicle's foundational structure, It provides the necessary strength and rigidity to withstand forces during operation while also serving as the foundation for the vehicle's overall design
- Weight Distribution and Handling: An optimized chassis design enhances weight distribution and handling characteristics, contributing to overall vehicle performance and driving experience.
- It plays a crucial role in vehicle dynamics, influencing handling, stability, and safety.
- Components: Engine, Brakes, Steering System, Transmission, Suspension, Wheel mounted on the frame
- Principle Function
- To safely carry the maximum load
- Holding all Components together while driving
- Accomodate twisting on even road surface
- Endure Shock Loading
- It must absord engine and driveline troque
- Materials Used for Chassis Manufacturing
- Steel, Aluminium
- Magnesium, Plastic Composites
- Fibre Reinforced Composites, Carbon Fibre Epoxy Composites
- Glass Fibre Composites
- Frame
- The frame of a chassis is the primary structural component that supports the vehicle's body and mechanical systems
- It is extremely rigid and strong, thus withstands shocks, twists, stresses and vibrations when vehicle is on the run
- Introduction
- ANSYS software is a powerful simulation tool for engineering analysis, including structural, thermal, and fluid dynamics.
- Ansys Interface
- Working with Cells
- Menu Bar
- Engineering design
- Simulation Setup: Ansys Workbench provides tools to create and set up engineering simulations, allowing for analysis of stress, thermal, fluid, and other physical properties.
- Finite Element Analysis (FEA): Engineers can use FEA within Ansys to break down complex designs into smaller elements, analyzing how each part behaves under various conditions.
- Optimization Tools: Ansys Workbench offers optimization features to enhance design performance, reduce weight, and ensure structural integrity.
- Integrated Workflow: Workbench streamlines the design process by linking CAD models, simulation results, and post-processing, simplifying modifications and analysis.
- Design modeler
- Solution
- Introduction
- Energy Conversion: Brakes slow down the vehicle by converting kinetic energy into heat through friction, either in disc or drum systems.
- Safety and Control: Effective braking systems are essential for vehicle safety, providing precise control during deceleration and stopping.
- Types
- Drum Brakes
- Disc Brakes
- Electronic Brakes
- Drum Brakes
- Overview: Drum brakes use brake shoes pressing against a rotating drum to create friction, effectively slowing or stopping the vehicle.
- Types: Mechanical Brakes, Hydrolic Brakes, Pneumatic Assisted Brakes
- Components: Braking Plate, Brake Drum, Wheel Cylinder, Brake Shoe, Automatic Adjuster, Return Springs
- Disc Brakes
- Overview: The fluid from the master cylinder is forced into a caliper where it presses against a piston
- The piston inturn squeezes two brake pads against the disc (rotor), which is attached to wheel, forcing it to slow down or stop
- Types: Ventilated Disc Brakes, Slotted Disc Brakes
- Drilled Disc Brakes, Solid (Non-Ventilated) Disc Brakes
- Carbon-Carbon Disc Brakes, Composite Disc Brakes
- Components: Caliper, Piston, Brake Pads, Rotor, Mounting Bracket, Hub Stator, Pistons, Threaded Studs, Hydraulic Lines and Fluid
- Actuating systems
- Mechanical Actuating Systems: Utilize physical linkages, such as cables or rods, to transfer force from the brake pedal to the brake components, providing simple and direct control.
- Hydraulic Actuating Systems: Use brake fluid to transmit force from the brake pedal to the calipers, offering smooth and effective braking with the advantage of increased force multiplication.
- Pneumatic Actuating Systems: Employ compressed air to actuate brakes, commonly used in larger vehicles like trucks and buses for reliable performance in heavy-duty applications.
- Electronic Actuating Systems: Integrate sensors and electronic controls to optimize braking performance, often seen in advanced systems like anti-lock brakes (ABS) and brake-by-wire technologies.
- Introduction
- MATLAB is a high-level programming language and interactive environment used for numerical computation, data analysis, and algorithm development across various engineering and scientific fields.
- It offers extensive toolboxes for specialized applications, including control systems, signal processing, and machine learning, facilitating complex mathematical modeling and simulation tasks.
- MALAB Script
- Script Basics: MATLAB scripts are plain text files containing a sequence of MATLAB commands that can be executed as a single program, streamlining repetitive tasks.
- Variable Management: Scripts allow for the creation and manipulation of variables, enabling users to store and process data efficiently within a single execution environment.
- Function Integration: Users can define and call custom functions within scripts, enhancing code reusability and organization for complex projects.
- Interactive Development: Scripts can be tested and modified in real-time, allowing for immediate feedback and iterative development during the programming process.
- Motor Power calculation using MATLAB
- Input Parameter: Motor power calculation in MATLAB requires input parameters such as voltage, current, efficiency, and speed to determine the motor's performance.
- Power Equations: The calculation typically involves using formulas like P=V×I×η for electrical power, where P is power, V is voltage, I is current, and η is efficiency.
- Data Visualization: MATLAB can plot the results of motor power calculations, providing visual insights into performance trends and efficiency across different operating conditions.
- Simulation Capabilities: Advanced simulations can be performed using MATLAB’s toolboxes, allowing users to analyze motor behavior under various loads and speeds for more accurate predictions.
Modeling the Acceleration of Small Electric Car (GM EV1 battery electric car) using Matlab
Analyze the vehicle’s acceleration characteristics under various driving conditions and load scenarios.
Analyze how the vehicle’s mass, power train characteristics, and road conditions affect acceleration.
Calculate the forces acting on the vehicle during acceleration, including aerodynamic drag, rolling resistance, and gravitational forces
Velocity and Distance Calculation of Electric Vehicle from Motor Torque using Simulink Model
Analyze the relationship between motor torque, power output, and vehicle acceleration to establish a clear understanding of how torque influences performance.
Using Simulink’s visualization capabilities to present results, including velocity vs. time graphs and distance traveled, for better analysis.
Integrate the velocity to determine the distance traveled over time, enabling distance tracking during various driving scenarios.
MATLAB Script Development For EV Motor Efficiency Plots
Define key motor characteristics such as rated power, torque, speed, voltage, and current, which are essential for calculating efficiency under different conditions.
Implement the efficiency formula, dividing motor output power by input power, and ensure all units are consistent to yield accurate results across simulations.
Use loops to simulate motor behavior over a range of speeds and torques, calculating efficiency at each point and storing results for further analysis.
Generate 2D or 3D plots in MATLAB to visualize the efficiency as a function of speed and torque.
Modeling of DC Motor
Mathematical Representation: The modeling of a DC motor involves creating equations that represent its electrical and mechanical dynamics, typically incorporating parameters like resistance, inductance, back EMF, torque, and inertia.
State-Space Representation: DC motor models can be expressed in state-space form, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of system behavior and the design of control strategies.
Simulink Integration: MATLAB's Simulink environment enables the graphical modeling of DC motors, allowing users to simulate and visualize dynamic responses to different inputs and control actions.
Parameter Estimation: Accurate modeling requires the estimation of motor parameters through experimental data, ensuring that the simulation closely reflects real-world performance and behavior.
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Meet your mentors!
Our expert instructors guide you through the fundamentals in an engaging and supportive learning environment.
4+ years work experience 4+ years mentoring experience
3k+ students mentored
Sankal Tomar
Sr. Data and Applied Scientist
Senior Data Scientist | Senior System Engineer at Infosys
12+ years work experience 3+ years mentoring experience
5k+ students mentored
Gaurav Kumar Verma
AI Consultant @Google
Software Architect | Data Scientist | Associate Engineer
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3k+ students mentored
Rajendra Mehta
Head of Analytics
Head of Analytics | Chief Data Scientist at LTIMindtree
4+ years work experience 2+ years mentoring experience
5k+ students mentored
Sathya Prakash Soma
Senior Technical Trainer
Senior Technical Trainer | Senior Java Consultant
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6k+ students mentored
Sahil Handoo
AI Engineer @Google
AI Engineer | Data Engineer at Yara International
10+ years work experience 6+ years mentoring experience
4k+ students mentored
Suddhasatwa Bhaumik
Strategic Cloud Engineer
Google Cloud Consulting | Senior Manager Data Products at VOIS
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4k+ students mentored
Swati Thakur
Cloud Consultant @Google
Cloud Consultant|Senior Data Analyst
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Cyber Security:Manager Program Delivery
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Frontend Trainer|Building Dynamic Web App
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- Program Duration : 4 months
- 35 Hours of Content
- 5 Projects
- Live Sessions During Project Execution & Training
- Life time access for content and Customised Dashboard
- Project Completion Certificate from Partnered Companies
- Internship Offer Letter
- Internship Completion Certificate
- Customised Resume Builder
- Program Duration : 2 months
- 30 Hours of Content
- 3 Major Projects
- 1 year Access for Dashboard and Content
- Project Completion Certificate
- Internship Offer Letter
- Internship Completion Certificate
- Program Duration : 4 months
- 40+ Hours of Content
- 5 Projects
- Live Sessions During Project Execution & Training
- Life time access for content and Customised Dashboard
- Project Completion Certificate from Partnered Companies
- Internship Offer Letter
- Internship Completion Certificate
- Customised Resume Builder
- Program Duration : 2 months
- 30+ Hours of Content
- 3 Major Projects
- 1 year Access for Dashboard and Content
- Project Completion Certificate
- Internship Offer Letter
- Internship Completion Certificate
FAQs
General
Mentors are Industry Experts as well as from the Company whose
project you are selected for.
The students will need to dedicate 6 hours in a week towards the
project. Consistency is the key, hence we recommend investing 30 minutes per day towards
the project.
The last date for registration depends on the number of seats
available for the project you are opting for. Since there are students applying for
projects from all over hence we will recommend blocking your seat for the project.
The prereq will vary from project to project. You shall be provided
all the details as shared by the respective company on your Dashboard.
Since all sessions are recorded and uploaded on the dashboard, you
can access them anytime.
The Capstone and Live Project shall be explained by the Mentor in
detail via Live classes During this session you can also clear all your doubts. In
addition, if required,you will be given a15 days extension to complete the project and
submit it. Once the Project is reviewed and approved by the respective mentor and
company, certificate shall be issued
Yes, you may change your domain within 24 hours of your registration.
This is a hybrid program. You will need to complete the prerequisites
before starting the live class for the project.
Yes, post projects get reviewed by a company, you will get the
Guaranteed internship in the form of Live Project
Internship
The Duration of the internship is 2 months and you will be working on
a Real Life Capstone Project.
No, there is no exam before the internship. Instead you need to learn
all the prerequisites and submit the live project to get the internship.
The Live sessions are typically hosted in the evenings to accommodate
the student’s availability. We shall be notifying you in advance via mail and messages
through Telegram. In case if you miss any live classes, the recording of the live
session will be uploaded in your dashboard which you can access anytime
As some companies still follow a work-from-home model for their
employees, and we have also requested our partner companies to schedule online
internships. This approach helps avoid challenges like traveling and finding
accommodation, making the process more convenient for students.
Companies offer you a stipend ranging from 5000/- to 15,000/-.The
stipend is directly proportional to your performance and completion of project.
The Respective Company SPOC along with the Mentor shall be reviewing
your performance throughout the project duration. Based on your performance, if the
companies find your performance up to the mark, they may offer you a PPO post interview.
However all the interview and hiring rounds will need to be cleared by the student to be
considered for the opportunity.
Yes, you may modify and submit your project as your Minor/Major
project.
Post successful completion of your internship, you shall be getting
an Internship Completion Certificate from the respective company.
You will be getting access to your student dashboard through which
you can rasie any doubt with the respective company/ mentor. In addition all your
learning modules Projects, Certificates, will be uploaded there. You shall be having
life time access to it.
After completing the registration, our partner companies do not
charge any additional fees.
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